1. Read the text about Fairtrade. Why is it good for farmers? 

(Đọc văn bản về Thương mại công bằng. Tại sao nó lại tốt cho người nông dân?)

Many of the products we buy in supermarkets are grown by farmers in developing countries. But farmers aren't paid enough to make a living. 

So the idea of "fair trade' has been around for many years. When you see the FAIRTRADE mark on a product, you know that the farmers have been paid a fair price for their crops. 

In 1997, many organisations from different countries came together and one international Fairtrade organisation was formed. So far, the lives of approximately seven million people in developing countries have been improved by Fairtrade. 

2. Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Complete the examples in the table using the passive forms in blue in the text in Exercise 1. 

(Đọc NGỮ PHÁP TRỌNG TÂM. Hoàn thành các ví dụ trong bảng bằng cách sử dụng các dạng bị động có màu xanh lam trong văn bản ở Bài tập 1.)

GRAMMAR FOCUS

The Passive 

You use passive forms when it isn't important (or you don't know) who performed the action. Passive verbs have the same tenses as active verbs. 

The Passive: be + past participle

Present Simple

Active

People don’t pay farmers enough.

Passive

Farmers ______enough.

Pass Simple 

Active 

In 1997, some body formed one international Fairtrade organisation.

Passive

In 1997, one international Fairtrade organisation____ 

Present Perfect

Active

Fairtrade has improved the lives of approximately seven million people in developing countries

Passive 

The lives of approximately Seven million people in developing countries ____ by Fairtrade

3. Choose the correct form of the verb. 

(Chọn dạng đúng của động từ.)

Chocolate & Fairtrade 

Last year, more than one billion kilos of chocolate (1) ate/ were eaten around the world. Chocolate (2) makes / is made from the cacao plant. However, many cacao farmers (3) don't earn/ aren't earned enough money and (4) can't afford / can't be afforded food, medicine or clean water. In Africa, a typical cacao grower (5) pays / is paid less than a dollar a day. Now, Fairtrade is helping farmers to get fair prices. Farming organisations (6) have set up/ have been set up in African countries and the extra money (7) invests / is invested in projects such as drinking water. 

4. Complete the passive sentences with the Present Simple, Past Simple or Present Perfect form of the verbs in brackets. 

(Hoàn thành các câu bị động ở dạng Hiện tại Đơn, Quá khứ Đơn hoặc Hiện tại Hoàn thành của các động từ trong ngoặc.)

1. My house was built (build) more than fifty years ago. 

2. My name ____(not pronounce) the same in English. 

3. My shoes ____(make) in Italy. 

4. This school ____(open) in the 1990s. 

5. I ____(never / stop) by the police. 

6. Fairtrade products____ (not sell) in my country. 

5. Rewrite the sentences in Exercise 4 to make them true for you. Then make questions and ask your partner. 

(Viết lại các câu trong Bài tập 4 để chúng đúng với bạn. Sau đó, đặt câu hỏi và hỏi bạn của bạn.)

1. Was your house built more than fifty  years ago?