1. Read the passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to each of the questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn và chọn câu trả lời đúng A, B, C hoặc D cho mỗi câu hỏi.)

Like many countries, Britain has serious environmental problems. In 1952, more than 4,000 people died in London because of the smog. The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories and the situation improved a lot.

Today, London is much cleaner but there is a new problem: smog from cars. In December 1991, there was very little wind in London and pollution increased. As a result, about 160 people died from pollution in just four days.

Part of the problem is the new "out of town" shopping centres. In the past, people often walked to shops near their homes or went by bus. Now, many people drive to the new shopping centres. The small shops have disappeared and more people have to travel to do their shopping.

Many people are trying to reduce the use of cars in Britain. Some cities now have special bicycle lanes, so people cycle to work. Some people also travel to work together in one car to reduce pollution and costs.

1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The government once introduced a law against smog from cars and factories.

B. London is much cleaner than before, so nobody dies from pollution any longer.

C. Now smog in London mainly comes from cars.

D. People in cities now go to work by bicycle only.

2. Why do people drive to go shopping?

A. They prefer shops in big shopping centres outside of town.

B. Small shops near their homes have disappeared.

C. Many new shopping centres have appeared outside of town.

D. It has become popular to do shopping in large shopping centres.

3. How many examples are there in the passage of people reducing car use?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.

4. The word "improved" in the first paragraph probably means

A. got worse

B. reduced

C. became better

D. maintained

5. What is the best title for this passage?

A. Reducing the Use of Cars in Britain

B. The Disadvantages of Cars

C. How People are Reducing Smog in Britain

D. Smog in Britain: Past and Present

2. Read the following passage and choose the best answer A, B, C, or D for each numbered blank.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất A, B, C hoặc D cho mỗi chỗ trống được đánh số.)

A greenhouse is a building made of glass, where you can grow flowers and vegetables that need a lot of warmth. Sunlight (1) __________ through the glass and warms the greenhouse while the glass keeps the heat from escaping.

The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of gases that acts just (2) _________ greenhouse. Factories, electric power plants and cars make a lot of new gases. These gases are trapping more and more of the sun's (3) _______. This is called "the greenhouse effect".

If the Earth's temperature increases by just a few degrees, it will change the weather all over the planet. Some places will become too hot to live in or to grow (4) __________ anymore. This will cause a lot of people to starve.

That is why people must do their best to stop the greenhouse effect by (5) __________ fewer energy-consuming products and planting trees.

1.

A. becomes                   

B. shines                             

C. enters                             

D. goes

2.

A. similar                        

B. different                         

C. like                                    

D. as

3.

A. heat                            

B. warmth                          

C. cold                                 

D. cool

4.

A. crops                          

B. animals                           

C. species                            

D. plants

5.

A. making                      

B. maintaining                  

C. releasing                        

D. using

3. Fill in each blank with a suitable word to complete the passage.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống một từ thích hợp để hoàn thành đoạn văn.)

About 65 million years ago, the dinosaurs became extinct. The hot, dry climate of the Cretaceous Period quickly changed as a result of an asteroid hitting the Earth. This collision sent dust and debris (1) _________ the atmosphere which blocked sunlight from reaching the Earth's surface. The dinosaurs could not quickly adapt to the Earth's colder climate and eventually became (2) _______.

While the dinosaurs are no longer with us, today a number of plant, insect, and animal species are finding their habitats being destroyed, and they too are in danger of extinction. Human activities that are destructive to the (3) _______ such as the development of industry, housing, and farming are destroying the habitats of many species. For example, in the Amazon Rainforest, thousands of hectares of forest are being destroyed as (4) __________ are being cut down to make way for cattle farms, logging and housing.

Scientists warn that many plant and animal species from this area of the world will become extinct soon unless we quickly stop (5) _________their habitats.