1. Choose the right word to complete the sentences.

(Chọn từ thích hợp để hoàn thành câu.)

1 I am (fear / fearful) that if people keep wasting energy, there may not be enough energy to power our city in the next 50 years.

2 Authorities in remote areas are (worrying / worried) that residents will not have enough freshwater in the winter months.

3 We are concerned (about / that) we cannot afford such a high cost of living in London.

4 The environmentalists find it (concerning / concerned) that our surrounding areas in cities will be polluted by the rapid industrialization.

5 The Indian government is extremely concerned (about / that) unprecedented population growth in Mumbai.

2. Write sentences from the words given. You may need to change the forms of some words.

(Viết câu từ những từ cho sẵn. Bạn có thể cần phải thay đổi hình thức của một số từ.)

1 I / worried / urbanization / will lead / overcrowding / housing problems.

2 We / concerned / there will / less available / farmland / due / rapid expansion / factories.

3 Residents / fearful / nuclear power / produce radioactive waste / which / negatively affect / people's health.

4 They / find / concerning / there / won't / enough food / energy / freshwater/ further urban growth.

5 Chinese government / worried / that / residents / populated areas / not / enough accommodations / health care systems.

3. Read the letter expressing concerns about the challenges Mumbai and Shanghai will face in 2050.

(Đọc bức thư bày tỏ mối quan ngại về những thách thức mà Mumbai và Thượng Hải sẽ phải đối mặt vào năm 2050.)

1 How many challenges are mentioned?

2 What challenges mentioned in the letter are such big cities in Việt Nam as Hà Nội and Hồ Chí Minh city facing?

Dear Gardy,

I've just done some research for my final project about future cities, and I feel concerned about the futures of some megacities in the world like Mumbai and Shanghai. Every day, approximately 7,000 metric tonnes of rubbish are disposed of by Mumbaians. Mumbai's waste is accumulating each day, then rubbish dumps are already filling up. I'm fearful that the environment will be seriously polluted if there is no mandatory recycling waste system.

Moreover, about 60% of Mumbai's population live in slums without running water, electricity and gas. I find it concerning that people's health will be in great danger because the living standards in slums are very low and rubbish pollutes the surrounding areas.

Regarding one of the busiest cities in China, Shanghai, its population reaches up to 25 million people. Therefore, traffic congestion is becoming an alarming problem, especially in rush hours. I find it concerning that commuters will get much inconvenience if there are no solutions to upgrade and extend the transport systems. Furthermore, Shanghai's air quality is getting worse due to rising carbon emissions from vehicles. I'm surprised that Shanghai authorities will shut schools when there are forecasts of serious air pollution.

I'm worried that all the challenges will directly exert negative impacts on the environment and residents' health. I expect the government to take urgent actions to solve those issues.

Best wishes,

Hoa

4. Write a letter to your friend (150-180 words) expressing your concerns about challenges that your city / town or a city you know will face in the future.

(Viết một lá thư cho bạn của bạn (150-180 từ) bày tỏ mối quan tâm của bạn về những thách thức mà thành phố / thị trấn hoặc thành phố mà bạn biết sẽ phải đối mặt trong tương lai.)