1 Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và khoanh tròn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra từ hoặc cụm từ đúng phù hợp nhất với mỗi chỗ trống được đánh số.)

Brazil - A Diverse Ethnic & Cultural Heritage

Brazil is (1) ______ to the largest population in Latin America, of more than 215 million people. Most of them live in the south-central area, (2) _____ includes the industrial cities of Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Belo Horizonte. The pace of urbanisation has been rapid, with 75% of the population living in (3) ______ areas by 1991. While this growth has contributed to economic development, it has also led to serious social, environmental, and political (4) ______ in major cities. Nevertheless, Brazil remains famous for its breathtaking natural beauty.

The Brazilian population is (5) ______ four main groups: the Portuguese, who colonised Brazil in the 16th century: Africans who were brought to Brazil as slaves: various other European, Middle Eastern, and Asian immigrant (6) ______ who have settled in Brazil since the mid-19th century, and the indigenous people. Although the Portuguese were once the dominant European ethnic group in Brazil, waves of immigration have resulted (7) ______ a diverse ethnic and cultural heritage.

Between 1875 and 1960, approximately 5 million Europeans emigrated to Brazil, settling mainly in the four southern states of Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. The immigrants were primarily from Italy, Germany, Spain, Japan, Poland, and the Middle East. The largest Japanese (8) ______ in the world is located in Sao Paulo.

The cultures of the different ethnic groups have together created the modern Brazilian way of life.

1. A. house

B. home

C. land

D. place

2. A. who

B. that

C. which

D. whose

3. A. urban

B. rural

C. city

D. country

4. A. fields

B. attractions

C. challenges

D. topics

5. A. made from

B. included

C. consisted of

D. made up of

6. A. groups

B. people

C. organisations

D. blocks

7. A. on

B. with

C. in

D. of

2 Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và khoanh tròn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi.)

According to some Canadian news media, university students don't like to share their own cultures with each other and are not keen to learn about new ones. However, a study conducted earlier this year at the University of Winnipeg found the opposite.

Its aim was to gauge undergraduate students' attitude towards cultural identity and cultural diversity. It was influenced by the findings of a 2021 study that examined how nine dally Canadian newspapers defined the term 'multiculturalism'.

The current study included 10 undergraduate students who participated in two discussions about culture and heritage. All participants agreed on the importance of multiculturalism. Seven of them had arrived in Canada in the last 10 years from different places including the Philippines, Pakistan, and Nigeria. The students talked about where they, their parents. and their grandparents came from, discussing everything from language to festivals. religion, and traditions. Three groups of students emerged. The first group maintained a strong connection with their heritage culture and values, and shared stories about their customs and how they made sure they didn't forget their heritage language. For example. one of them still liked listening to music in his home language. The second group felt a sense of belonging to a blend of cultures. They were exposed to different cultures when they grew up, however, they were open to and interested in experiencing other cultures through festivals and friends. The third group had experienced language and culture loss through the process of becoming Canadians. Although they were sad about that loss, they still felt enthusiastic about enriching Canadian culture and making it more diverse.

1. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. Preserving native cultures very important in Canada

B. Media and cultural diversity in Canada

C. Cultural diversity important to young Canadians

D. Multiculturalism across the world

2. According to the passage, the way university students feel about diversity and new cultures is ______ the perception of Canadian newspapers.

A. the same as

B. different from

C. similar to

D. more specific than

3. The word 'gauge' in paragraph 1 mostly means __________

A. discuss

B. compare

C. judge

D. highlight

4. The study at the University of Winnipeg was carried out ______ the 2021 study.

A. after

B. before

C. two years after

D. at the same time as

5. The word 'them' in paragraph 2 refers to _____

A. the university researchers

B. the study participants

C. the findings of the study

D. the places students came from