1 Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và khoanh tròn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi.)

Traditional media

A.

Before the invention of newspapers, the main source of news was word of mouth. Any writings and drawings were done by hand. Although printing presses had existed in eastern Asia, it was Gutenberg's invention in Europe in 1453 that made printing faster and books more accessible. It reduced the cost and size of printed books and made them the first form of mass media affordable to less wealthy people. Gutenberg's invention also quickened the spread of discoveries and information, and promoted literacy in Europe.

B.

The printing press led to the rise of printed newspapers that appeared regularly. The first newspapers developed from around 1612 and in a short period of time, they became very popular in Europe and the European colonies. In the 19th century, they also appeared in Asia. Newspapers and magazines are still very popular today. Although most of them have online versions, many people continue to read print media, which is considered more credible than digital media.

C.

In the 1920s, when radio, television, and video were introduced, the phrase the “media” began to be used. Black and white television quickly became popular in the 1950s, and in the 1960s colour broadcasts started in many countries. Thanks to its audiovisual presentation, television became one of the most important forms of mass media in the 20th century. As a source of news, entertainment, and education, it still attracts a large number of viewers today.

1. What is the main idea of Paragraph A?

A. Word of mouth was the earliest form of media.

B. The cost and size of books in the past have changed.

C. Information and knowledge became available to more people for the first time.

D. Literacy in Europe improved.

2. It can be inferred from the passage that the phrase 'printing presses' in Paragraph A refers to

A. newspapers

B. machines that produce books and newspapers

C. writings and drawings

D. machines that produce paper

3. What CANNOT be inferred from Paragraph A about Gutenberg and his invention?

A. Gutenberg did not invent the first printing press.

B. Gutenberg's invention was one of the most important inventions in human history.

C. It made printing cheaper.

D. It helped more people to learn to read and write.

4. What is the main idea of Paragraph B?

A. The impact of printing presses on newspapers was small,

B. The popularity of newspapers in Europe and Asia increased.

C. The rise of online newspapers changed the world.

D. Print media is still important in today's digital age.

5. What can be inferred from Paragraph B?

A. Gutenberg's invention speeded up book publishing and the spread of knowledge.

B. Newspapers became popular in Europe much later than in Asia.

C. All online newspapers are less credible than printed ones.

D. Online newspapers made printed ones less popular.

6. What is Paragraph C about?

A. How mass media has changed and developed over the past 100 years.

B. The development of different types of mass media over time.

C. The invention of colour broadcasts.

D. Mass media in the 20th century.

7. Which is true according to Paragraph C?

A. The term "the media' came into use in the early 20th century.

B. Colour TV appeared in the 1950s.

C. Television was the most credible form of media in the 20th century.

D. Viewers depend on TV mostly for education.

8. When did the early audiovisual media appear?

A. In 1453.

B. In 1612.

C. In the early 20th century.

D. In the mid-20th century.

8. A. expensive

B. high-quality

C. accessible

D. popular