2. Read quickly through the text. Check if you understand the words in blue.

The human brain is a fascinating organ in the body responsible for numerous cognitive functions, including language acquisition and learning. The brain is divided into left and right hemispheres. For decades, research has highlighted the dominance of the left hemisphere in language learning and the right hemisphere has been largely overlooked. Recently, scientists have found that each has distinct functions and contributions to language learning.

The Left Hemisphere

The left hemisphere of the brain primarily contributes to a person's language processing and analytical thinking. It plays a fundamental role in helping learners decode and produce language, including grammar, vocabulary, and syntax. Additionally, this hemisphere is involved in reading, writing, and verbal memory. When learners learn a new language, their left hemisphere helps them in understanding the language's structure, rules, and semantics.

The Right Hemisphere

The right hemisphere, on the other hand, is responsible for language learning in different ways. It is associated with the comprehension of subtle meanings, intonation, and emotional aspects of language. It also assists learners in the interpretation of non-verbal cues, such as facial expressions and gestures, which are crucial for effective communication. Moreover, it facilitates a learner in the acquisition of a language's rhythm and melody. When a learner has an active right hemisphere, he or she is more sensitive to acoustic differences in sound.

3. Read the text again and answer the following questions.

(Đọc lại đoạn văn và trả lời các câu hỏi sau.)

1. What is the primary function of the left hemisphere in language learning?

(Chức năng chính của bán cầu não trái trong việc học ngôn ngữ là gì?)

2. What are the two aspects of language processing that the left hemisphere is involved in?

(Hai khía cạnh của quá trình xử lý ngôn ngữ mà bán cầu não trái tham gia là gì?)

3. How does the right hemisphere contribute to language learning?

(Bán cầu não phải góp phần vào việc học ngôn ngữ như thế nào?)

4. What are two examples of non-verbal cues?

(Hai ví dụ về tín hiệu phi ngôn ngữ là gì?)

4. PROJECT: Work in groups. Look at the following diagram (Zhou et al., 2020). Do an Internet search about how the brain functions in the learning process. Explain the diagram in your own words.

(DỰ ÁN: Làm việc theo nhóm. Hãy nhìn vào sơ đồ sau (Zhou và cộng sự, 2020). Thực hiện tìm kiếm trên Internet về cách thức hoạt động của não trong quá trình học tập. Giải thích sơ đồ bằng lời của bạn.)