1. Read the article. What job is Harris applying for? 

(Đọc bài báo. Harris đang ứng tuyển công việc gì?)

Harris Aslam is an ambitious young man who left school at the age of thirteen to work in his family's grocery business. Now, at the age of eighteen, he owns three shops in Kirkcaldy, Scotland, the town where he was born and brought up. But Harris has bigger ambitions and wants a new challenge. The job he is now applying for is CEO of Nisa Retail, a grocery business whose annual sales are about £1.6 billion! This is a job which usually attracts middle-aged business people, not eighteen-year-olds.

2. Underline these relative pronouns in the article in exercise 1: which, who, whose, where. Which do we use for a) people, b) things and animals, c) places and d) indicating possession? 

(Gạch chân các đại từ tương đối này trong bài viết ở bài tập 1: which, who, which, where. Cái nào chúng ta sử dụng cho a) người, b) vật và động vật, c) địa điểm và d) chỉ sự sở hữu?)

3. Read the Learn this! box. Can you find examples of all three rules in the article in exercise 1?

(Đọc Learn this! Bạn có thể tìm ví dụ về cả ba quy tắc trong bài viết ở bài tập 1 không?)

LEARN THIS! Defining relative clauses

a. A defining relative clause tells us which person we are talking about.

(Một mệnh đề quan hệ xác định cho ta biết người mà chúng ta đang nói đến.)

He’s the police officer who arrested the man. The police officer who arrested the man is over there.

(Anh ta là sĩ quan cảnh sát đã bắt người đàn ông. Sĩ quan cảnh sát đã bắt người đàn ông đang ở đằng kia.)

b. In informal style, we often use that instead of who and which.

(Trong văn phong không trang trọng, chúng ta dùng that thay vì who và which.)

The boy that you saw is my brother.

(Cậu bé mà cậu thấy là em trai mình.)

c. In formal style, we can use whom instead of who when the pronoun is the object of the clause or follows a preposition.

(Trong văn phong trang trọng, chúng ta sử dụng whom thay vì who khi đại từ là tân ngữ của mệnh đề hoặc theo đó là một trạng từ.)

The nurse whom the police questioned has moved abroad. Is this the man to whom you are referring? (Tên y tá bị cảnh sát tra hỏi đã ra nước ngoài. Đây có phải là người đàn ông anh đang nhắc đến không?)

4. Complete the text with who, which, where and whose.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với who, which, where và whose.)

This is Katie Stagliano, a girl (1) _____ idea to grow vegetables for the homeless has improved the lives of thousands of people. In 2008, she planted a seed (2) _____ grew into a 20-kg cabbage. She donated it to a soup kitchen (3) _____ it fed more than 275 people (4) _____ were living on the streets.

5. Work in pairs. Take turns to define these jobs and places of work. Use defining relative clauses.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Lần lượt xác định các công việc và địa điểm làm việc này. Sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ xác định.)

6. Read the article. Do you think this interview was fair? 

(Đọc bài báo. Bạn có nghĩ rằng cuộc phỏng vấn này công bằng?)

Alan Bacon, who left university in July, was invited to an interview with a major retailer. He prepared thoroughly for the interview, which was a role in the marketing department. But Alan, whose degree is in film and TV studies, was shocked that the interview included dancing. The retailer has apologised and said that they are investigating managers at the store in Cardiff, where the interview took place.

7. Look at the highlighted examples of non-defining relative clauses in the text. Circle the correct words below. 

(Nhìn vào các ví dụ được tô sáng về mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định trong văn bản. Khoanh tròn các từ đúng dưới đây.)

LEARN THIS! Non-defining relative clauses

a. In non-defining relative clauses, we use who, which, where and whose, but we do not use that.

b. A non-defining relative clause: 

• comes immediately (1) before / after a noun and gives us information about that noun.

• adds extra information to the sentence; the sentence (2) makes sense / does not make sense without it.

• (3) has / doesn't have a comma at the start. It has a comma or a full stop at the end.

8. Complete the second sentence in each pair so that it means the same as the first.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai trong mỗi cặp sao cho nghĩa không đổi.)

1. Ben lives in San Francisco and his dad works for Apple.

Ben, ________________________, lives in San Francisco.

2. Lucy is a talented chef and has a lot of experience.

Lucy, ______________ chef, has a lot of experience.

3. My sister used to study in Ha Noi and now works there.

My sister works in Ha Noi, ___________________ study.