1. Read Emily's essay. What is it about?

(Đọc bài luận của Emily. Nó nói về điều gì?)

A. Urbanisation is a global phenomenon of growing urban areas that has occurred for a variety of reasons. The growth of industries, rural migration and government policies are just a few of the factors that contribute to urbanisation. However, is this phenomenon advantageous or disadvantageous?

B. On the one hand, urbanisation has several advantages. One of the advantages is that it creates well-developed urban areas with rapid transit systems, good educational and medical facilities, and recreational facilities, all of which provide convenience and a higher standard of living. Another advantage is that urban areas typically serve as technological advancement hubs, attracting many skilled professionals to work and drive technological advancement.

C. On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to urbanisation. The main drawback is that rapid urbanisation can lead to overcrowding, traffic congestion and a decrease in the quality of public services. Consequently, this makes life difficult for people who usually depend on them. An additional disadvantage is the difficulty that low-income families have in locating affordable housing options due to the high cost of housing. As a result, many of them are forced to relocate to slums with poor housing and inadequate necessities.

D. All in all, while there are drawback to urbanisation, it is a necessary modern trend that people must adapt to. Urban planning, facility investment and social policies aimed at reducing negative consequences are examples of efforts to address the challenges of urbanisation.

2. In which paragraph does Emily ...

(trong đoạn nào Emily…)

1. ___ mentions disadvantages with explanations/examples?

2. ___ summarises the main points and gives her opinion?

3. ___ presents the topic?

4. ___  mentions advantages with explanations/examples?

3. Replace the phrases in bold Emily used in her essay with those from the Useful Language box.

(Thay thế các từ in đậm mà Emily dùng trong bài luận của cô ấy với những cụm trong hộp Ngôn ngữ Thông dụng.)

4. Match the advantages and disadvantages (1-4) to the explanations/examples (A-D). Then make sentences as in the example. Use appropriate language.

(Nối các lợi ích và mặt hạn chế (1-4) với giải thích/ví dụ (A-D). Sau đó tạo các câu giống như trong ví dụ. Dùng nghôn ngữ phù hợp.)

1. ___ high populations in urban areas

2. ___ exciting job opportunities in urban areas

3. ___ higher costs of living in urban areas

4. ___ more conveniences of living in urban areas

A. Major companies have offices in urban areas.

B. People can access shops, theatres and restaurants easily.

C People must deal with overcrowding and heavy traffic.

D. Rents and other services can be very expensive.

One of the benefits is that there are exciting job opportunities in urban areas. This is because major companies have offices here.

(Một trong những lợi ích là có rất nhiều cơ hội việc làm thú vị ở vùng đô thị. Điều này là vì những công ty lớn đều có văn phòng ở đây.)

6.  Write your essay (about 180-200 words).

Introduction: (Paragraph 1) presenting the topic

(Mở bài: (đoạn 1) trình bày chủ đề)

Main body:

(Paragraph 2) writing about advantages with explanation(s)/example(s)

(Paragraph 3) writing about disadvantages with explanation(s)/example(s)

(Thân bài:

(Đoạn 2) viết về lợi ích với giải thích/ví dụ

(Đoạn 3) viết về lợi ích với giải thích/ví dụ)

Conclusion: (Paragraph 4) summarising the main points, stating your opinion

(Kết bài: (Đoạn 4) Tổng kết các ý chính, trình bày quan điểm)