Vocabulary

1. Complete the sentences with the words from the box. 

(Hoàn thành câu với những từ trong khung.)

1. To _________ is to keep and protect something from damage, change or waste.

2. _________ is the removal or cutting down of all trees in an area for urban use and farm lands.

3. _________ are non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fuel oil and natural gas formed from dead plants and animals underground.

4. To _________ is to make air, water, or soil dirty or unclean.

5. The _________ occurs when the earth's atmosphere traps certain gases such as carbon dioxide as well as water vapour. This makes the earth's surface warmer.

6. _________ is the gradual increase of temperature on the earth's surface due to greenhouse effect.

7. _________ is the using up or reducing something like energy or resources.

8. _________ is harm or injury that makes something less valuable or able to function.

2. Complete the table with the words from the box.  

(Hoàn thành bảng với những từ trong khung.)

3. Complete the sentences with the nouns or verbs in . Change the word forms, if necessary. Each word is used once. 

(Hoàn thành các câu với những danh từ hoặc động từ trong mục 2. Thay đổi dạng từ nếu cần. Mỗi từ được dùng 1 lần.)

1. The _________ of energy in this area has increased a lot since a new modern resort was built.

2. How much energy does this modern resort _________ every day?

3. Scientists have been looking for solutions for decades to _________ the Earth's limited fossil fuels from depletion.

4. Many environmentalists have supported the _________ of the earth's natural resources such as land, fresh water, rain forests and fossil fuels.

5. The coastal areas have been severely _________ by the disposals of harmful chemical rubbish.

6. The greenhouse effect is made by _________.

7. _________ by chemical sprays and fertilizers makes land arid, and vegetation harmful to human health.

8. Most chemicals _________ the ground and the underground water.

2. Listen and put a mark (') before the stressed syllable in each word. 

(Nghe và đánh dấu ‘ vào trước dấu nhấn trong mỗi từ.) 

Reported speech (Câu tường thuật)

1. Read the following sentences from the conversation between Nam and his father in GETTING STARTED. Write the names of the speakers. 

(Đọc những câu sau từ bài đàm thoại giữa Nam và ba (bố) trong phần Getting Satrted. Viết tên của người nói.)

1. ‘I'm writing for my school newsletter' _________ said.

2. ‘Give some practical advice to students on environmental preservation,' _________ asked Nam.

3. ‘I haven't had any ideas,' _________ said.

4. ‘Use the web search engine to find information,' _________ told him.

5. ‘It was confusing because I got too many search results and web pages about the environment,' _________ said.

6. ‘Focus on your topic,' _________ told him.

2. Change the direct speech statements into reported speech. Make any changes, if necessary.

(Thay đổi câu trực tiếp thành câu gián tiếp. Thay đổi nếu cần thiết.) 

1. ‘Pollution is one of the problems in my neighbourhood,' Nam said.

(“Ô nhiễm là một trong những vấn đề trong khu phố của tôi,” Nam nói.)

Nam said ____________.

2. ‘More people are aware of the preservation of natural resources,' the editor said.

("Nhiều người hơn có ý thức về việc bảo tồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên," biên tập viên cho biết.)

The editor said ____________.

3. ‘We are discussing the protection of the natural environment,' the students told their teacher.

(“Chúng ta đang thảo luận về việc bảo vệ môi trường tự nhiên,” các học sinh nói với giáo viên của mình.)

The students told their teacher ____________.

4. ‘Use the web search engine to find the information that you need,' Nam's father told him.

(“Hãy sử dụng công cụ tìm kiếm trên web để tìm thông tin mà con cần,” bố Nam nói với anh.)

Nam's father told him ____________.

5. ‘It's confusing because there are too many web pages about the environment,' Nam said.

(“Thật khó hiểu vì có quá nhiều trang web về môi trường,” Nam nói.)

Nam said ____________.

6. ‘Air pollution is one of the causes of the greenhouse effect,' scientists said.

(‘Ô nhiễm không khí là một trong những nguyên nhân gây ra hiệu ứng nhà kính,’ các nhà khoa học cho biết.)

Scientists said ____________.